Uvavanyo lwezinto eziqhelekileyo kwi-iron ore

Uvavanyo lwezinto eziqhelekileyo kwi-iron ore

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loqoqosho kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwesimo sentlalo, izixhobo zentsimbi ziye zaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwesizwe. Ukunyibilikiswa kwezinto zentsimbi kwishishini lentsimbi yeyona nqanaba liphambili lokusetyenziswa ngokunengqiqo kwezinto. Zonke iinkalo zobomi babantu zifuna ingqalelo kwizinto zokwakha kunye nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo. Uphuhliso lwamashishini ahlukeneyo kwilizwe lethu, njengothutho, umbane kunye namanye amashishini amaninzi, lunika ingqalelo kwizinto zentsimbi. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loqoqosho lwelizwe lethu, imfuno yezinto zentsimbi kwimarike yasekhaya iyaqhubeka nokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, umxholo wezinye izinto kwintsimbi udlule umxholo osemgangathweni wesizwe kwiprogram. Ke ngoko, kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, imfuno yentsimbi Ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kuye kwaba likhonkco elibaluleke kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa indlela yokuhlola ekhawulezayo nekhuselekileyo yinjongo eqhelekileyo yabasebenzi bokuhlola intsimbi.

Imeko yangoku yokuvavanywa kwezinto eziqhelekileyo kwi-iron ore kwilizwe lam

Iilabhoratri zovavanyo lwe-iron ore ezixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lam zisebenzisa indlela yokunciphisa i-titanium trichloride ukufumanisa umxholo we-elemental iron kwi-iron ore. Le ndlela yokufumanisa ibizwa ngokuba yindlela yekhemikhali. Le ndlela yekhemikhali ayifumani nje kuphela izinto kwi-iron ore kodwa ikwasebenzisa i-wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ukufumanisa umxholo we-silicon, i-calcium, i-manganese kunye nezinye izinto kwi-iron ore. Indlela yokufumanisa izinto ezininzi ibizwa ngokuba yindlela yokufumanisa i-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Ngelixa kufunyanwa izinto ezahlukeneyo kwi-iron ore, umxholo we-iron opheleleyo unokufunyaniswa. Inzuzo yoku kukuba ekufumaneni ngakunye, kuya kufumaneka idatha emibini yomxholo we-iron, kwaye idatha emibini yahlukile kakhulu kumaxabiso edatha. Incinci, kodwa kukwakho nenani elincinci lomahluko owahlukileyo kakhulu. Indlela yokuvavanya esetyenziswa kwilabhoratri kufuneka ikhethwe ngokwee-iron ore ezahlukeneyo, kuba ilizwe lam lisebenzisa iindlela zekhemikhali njengendlela eqhelekileyo, kwaye idlala indima ephambili. Isizathu esikhulu kukuba ukhetho lusekelwe kwiimpawu zesakhiwo se-iron ore kwilizwe lam. Indlela yokuhlola ikhethwa ngokweempawu ezahlukeneyo zesakhiwo se-iron ore ukuze ibe nengqiqo kwaye ibe yesayensi. Ukusasazwa kwe-iron ore eTshayina kuthe saa kwaye indawo yokugcina incinci. Umgangatho awuzinzanga kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kukho umahluko omkhulu kulawo aphesheya. I-iron ore yangaphandle isasazwa ngokudibeneyo kakhulu, inendawo yokugcina enkulu, kwaye inomgangatho ozinzileyo kakhulu xa ithelekiswa nelizwe lethu.

Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loqoqosho lwethu, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji lweelabhoratri zokuvavanya kunye nokwandiswa okuqhubekayo kweenkonzo zabo zokwazisa uluntu kuye kwandisa kakhulu inani leshishini lezinto zovavanyo lwelabhoratri, ukuze babe nezixhobo ezaneleyo zokwenza uvavanyo. Iilabhoratri zelizwe lethu kufuneka zivavanye amashumi amawaka eebhentshi zeshishini zongezwe kwidatha yokufumanisa. Ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kokufunyanwa kwezinto zesinyithi kwilizwe lethu, iisampulu kufuneka zomiswe ngexesha lovavanyo lweekhemikhali. Inkqubo nganye yokomisa ifuna ukusebenza ngesandla. Ngexesha lenkqubo yonke, kwelinye icala, imisebenzi Abasebenzi bazimisele ngokupheleleyo ekufezekiseni yonke ikhonkco. Ukuba oku kwenzeka ixesha elide, umzimba wabasebenzi awuyi kuphumla kakuhle kwaye uya kuba kwimeko yokuxinana kakhulu, okunokukhokelela ekwehleni komgangatho womsebenzi. Ngokuphathelele ukufunyanwa kwayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba kubekho iingxaki ezithile eziqhubekayo. Kwelinye icala, ngexesha lenkqubo yokusebenza, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, umbane kunye nokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali ezithile kuye kwachaphazela kakhulu kwaye kwayonakalisa okusingqongileyo ngaphakathi koluhlu oluthile. Kwangaxeshanye, igesi yokukhupha umoya kunye namanzi amdaka azinakuphathwa kakuhle. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokufumanisa ukuze idatha yokufumanisa ichaneke ngakumbi. Iilabhoratri zelizwe lethu bezivavanya i-iron ore kangangeminyaka emininzi, kwaye zinamava amaninzi okuvavanya kunye nedatha eninzi yokuvavanya. Le datha isekelwe kwiindlela zeekhemikhali kunye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Ngokuhlalutya le datha, singafumana i-X-ray fluorescence. I-Spectroscopy yindlela entsha enokuthatha indawo yeendlela zeekhemikhali. Inzuzo yoku kukuba inokusindisa abasebenzi abaninzi kunye nezixhobo zemali kwaye inciphise ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo.

01

Umgaqo wokuhlola indlela ye-X-fluorescence kunye namanyathelo okuhlola

Umgaqo we-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy kukusebenzisa i-anhydrous lithium tetraborate njenge-flux, i-lithium nitrate njenge-oxidant, kunye ne-potassium bromide njenge-release agent ukulungiselela isampuli, uze ulinganise ixabiso le-X-ray fluorescence spectrum intensity kwi-iron element ukuze uyenze ibe yi-iron. Ubudlelwane obunobungakanani buyakhiwa phakathi komxholo we-element. Bala umxholo we-iron kwi-iron ore.

Izixhobo ezisetyenziswayo kwi-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy experiment ngamanzi acocekileyo, i-hydrochloric acid, i-anhydrous lithium tetraborate, i-lithium nitrate, i-potassium bromide kunye neegesi. Isixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo yi-X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.

Amanyathelo aphambili okufumanisa ukukhanya kwe-X-ray:

■ I-lithium tetraborate engenanto isetyenziswa njenge-flux, i-lithium carbonate isetyenziswa njenge-oxidant, kwaye i-potassium bromide isetyenziswa njenge-release agent. Izisombululo ezininzi zixutywa kunye ukuze kuvunyelwe impendulo epheleleyo.

■ Ngaphambi kokuvavanya i-iron ore, iisampulu ze-iron ore kufuneka zilinganiswe, zinyibilikiswe, kwaye ziphoswe ukuze kwenziwe iziqwenga zovavanyo eziqhelekileyo.

■ Emva kokuba isampuli yentsimbi ilungisiwe, ihlalutywa kusetyenziswa i-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy.

■ Ukuze ucubungule idatha evelisiweyo, ngokuqhelekileyo thatha iqhekeza lesampuli eliqhelekileyo uze ubeke iqhekeza lesampuli kwi-X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Phinda uvavanyo izihlandlo ezininzi, uze ubhale phantsi idatha. Ukwenza isampuli eqhelekileyo kudla kuphela inani elithile le-anhydrous lithium tetraborate, i-lithium nitrate, kunye ne-potassium bromide.

02

Imigaqo yovavanyo lweekhemikhali kunye neenkqubo zovavanyo

Umgaqo wokuchonga iikhemikhali kukuba isampuli esemgangathweni iboliswe okanye ifakwe iasidi nge-asidi, kwaye i-iron element incitshiswe ngokupheleleyo nge-stannous chloride. Inxalenye encinci yokugqibela ye-iron eseleyo incitshiswe nge-titanium trichloride. I-reducing agent eseleyo i-oxidized ngokupheleleyo ngesisombululo se-potassium dichromate kwaye i-iron element encitshisiweyo iyalinganiswa. Okokugqibela, isisombululo se-potassium dichromate esisetyenziswa yisampuli esemgangathweni siyasetyenziswa. Bala umxholo we-iron iyonke kwisampuli.

Izinto ezisetyenziswa ekuchongeni ezi zinto zilandelayo: ii-reagents, i-hydrochloric acid, i-sulfuric acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-boric acid, i-hydrofluoric acid, i-potassium pyrosulfate, i-sodium hydroxide, i-sodium peroxide, njl. Izixhobo nezixhobo: i-Corundum crucible, i-platinum crucible, i-burette, ibhalansi, njl.

Amanyathelo aphambili okufumanisa iikhemikhali:

■ Sebenzisa izisombululo ezininzi eziquka isisombululo se-stannous chloride, i-titanium trichloride, kunye nesisombululo esiqhelekileyo se-potassium dichromate ukuze zixubane. Vumela impendulo iqhubeke ngokupheleleyo.

■ Sebenzisa i-asidi okanye i-alkali ukubola ngokupheleleyo isampuli eqhelekileyo.

■ Thambisa isampuli eqhelekileyo ebolileyo ngesisombululo se-potassium dichromate.

■ Ukuze kucutshungulwe idatha evelisiweyo, kufuneka kulungiswe izisombululo ezimbini zesampulu ezisemgangathweni kunye nesisombululo esinye esingenanto ngexesha lovavanyo.

Isiphelo

Kumazwe amaninzi, indlela esetyenziswa kakhulu yokufumanisa izinto kwi-iron ore yi-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Ukuchonga le ndlela kugxile kakhulu kuhlalutyo lomgaqo wendlela, kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweendlela ezikhoyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeziphumo zokufumanisa ezichanekileyo. Xa kuqhutywa uvavanyo, ngokubanzi isixa esincinci kakhulu sesisombululo esiqhelekileyo sisetyenziselwa ukwenza uvavanyo olufanelekileyo lovavanyo lwendlela yokufumanisa. Ekubeni i-iron ore kuvavanyo yahlukile kakhulu kwi-iron ore kwisampulu eqhelekileyo ngokwemilo, ukwakheka kweekhemikhali, njl.njl., indlela ye-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry ayichanekanga kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuhlola. Ukuchaneka kufezekiswa ngokucwangcisa inani elikhulu ledatha eqokelelwe ngexesha lokufunyanwa kwe-iron ore ngeendlela zeekhemikhali kunye ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry kuvavanyo, kwaye emva koko kuhlalutywe idatha ngokwezibalo, kwaye kuthelekiswe umahluko phakathi kweendlela ezimbini zokufumanisa ngohlalutyo. Ukufumana ulwalamano phakathi kwezi zimbini kunokunciphisa izibonelelo zabantu kunye nezemali ezityalwe ekuhlolweni kakhulu. Kunokunciphisa kakhulu ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kwenze ubomi babantu bube mnandi ngakumbi, kwaye kuvelise iingenelo zoqoqosho ngakumbi kushishino lwentsimbi yelizwe lam.

I-Shandong Hengbiao Inspection and Testing Co., Ltd.liziko lovavanyo elineziqinisekiso ze-C ezimbini eliphumelele isiqinisekiso sokuqinisekiswa kwamaziko okuhlola nokuvavanya kunye ne-China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment. Linabasebenzi abangama-25 abangochwephesha bokuhlola nokuvavanya, kuquka iinjineli ezili-10 kunye neengcali zelebhu ezinezihloko zobungcali eziphezulu. Iqonga lenkonzo kawonke-wonke elibonelela ngokuhlolwa nokuvavanya kobuchwephesha, iingcebiso ngetekhnoloji yolwazi, imfundo noqeqesho kunye nezinye iinkonzo zamashishini anxulumene nemigodi kunye nezixhobo zesinyithi. Eli ziko lisebenza kwaye linikezela iinkonzo ngokuhambelana ne (Code for Accreditation of Testing and Calibration Laboratories). Lo mbutho unegumbi lohlalutyo lweekhemikhali, igumbi lohlalutyo lwezixhobo, igumbi lovavanyo lwezinto, igumbi lovavanyo lokusebenza ngokomzimba, njl. Inezixhobo zovavanyo eziphambili ezingaphezu kwe-100 kunye nezibonelelo ezixhasayo ezifana ne-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers, i-atomic absorption spectrometers kunye ne-ICPs, i-carbon and sulfur analyzers, i-spectrophotometers, i-direct reading spectrometers, oomatshini bovavanyo lwempembelelo, kunye noomatshini bovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-American Thermo Fisher brand.

Uluhlu lokuchonga luquka uhlalutyo lwezinto zekhemikhali zeeminerali ezingezizo ezesinyithi (i-quartz, i-feldspar, i-kaolin, i-mica, i-fluorite, njl.njl.) kunye neeminerali zesinyithi (isinyithi, i-manganese, i-chromium, i-titanium, i-vanadium, i-molybdenum, i-lead, i-zinc, igolide, i-rare earth, njl.njl.). Ulwakhiwo kunye novavanyo lwepropathi ebonakalayo yentsimbi engagqwaliyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni, ubhedu, i-aluminium kunye nezinye izinto zesinyithi.

Le nkampani ilandela imigaqo "yolawulo olucwangcisiweyo, izakhono ezisekelwe kwiqonga, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye neenkonzo zobungcali", ijolise kwiimfuno ezinokubakho zabathengi kunye noluntu, ithatha ulwaneliseko lwabathengi njengenjongo yayo yenkonzo, kwaye ilandela ifilosofi "yobulungisa, ubukhali, isayensi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle". Umgaqo-nkqubo wenkonzo, uzibophelele ekuboneleleni ngeenkonzo zobugcisa ezigunyazisiweyo nezichanekileyo kubathengi bethu.