Kwisityalo sokucubungula izimbiwa, inqanaba lokusila yisekethe ebalulekileyo enotyalo-mali olukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla. Inqanaba lokusila lilawula utshintsho lweenkozo kuyo yonke indlela yokucubungula izimbiwa, olunempembelelo enkulu kwizinga lokubuyisela kunye nezinga lemveliso. Ke ngoko, ngumbuzo ojoliswe ekuncitshisweni kweendleko kunye nokuphucula izinga lemveliso phantsi komgangatho othile wokucoca.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zendlela yokusila, ukusila okuvula isekethe kunye nokusila okuvala isekethe. Ziziphi iinkcukacha zezi ndlela zimbini zokusila? Yeyiphi indlela yokusila enokufezekisa ukusetyenziswa kakuhle nokuphucula izinga lemveliso? Kwimihlathi elandelayo, siza kuphendula le mibuzo.
Iimpawu zeendlela ezimbini zokugaya
Ukugaya ngesekethe evulekileyo kukuba, xa kusetyenzwa ukugaya, izinto zifakwa kwisixhobo sokugaya zize zikhutshwe emva kokugaywa, ngqo kwisixhobo sokugaya esilandelayo okanye kwinkqubo elandelayo.
Iingenelo zokugaya nge-opening-circuit zilula ukuhamba kokucubungula kunye neendleko zotyalo-mali eziphantsi. Ngelixa iingxaki ziphantsi kwesantya semveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla amaninzi.
Ukugaya ngesekethe evaliweyo kukuba, xa kusetyenzwa ukugaya, izinto zifakwa kwisixhobo sokugaya ukuze zihlulwe emva kokugaya, kwaye i-ore engafanelekanga ibuyiselwa kwisixhobo sokugaya ukuze iphinde igaywe, kwaye i-ore efanelekileyo ithunyelwa kwinqanaba elilandelayo.
Iingenelo eziphambili zokugaya iisekethe ezivaliweyo zisantya sokutyumza esisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso uphezulu. Kwangelo xesha linye, iisekethe ezivaliweyo zinesantya esiphezulu semveliso. Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki kukuba ukuhamba kwemveliso yeesekethe ezivaliweyo kuyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi, kwaye kubiza ngaphezulu kune-open-circuit grinding.
Izinto ezingahambelaniyo ziphinda zigaywe kwisigaba sokugaywa esivaliweyo de kufikelelwe kubungakanani obufanelekileyo besuntswana. Xa kugaywa, iiminerali ezingaphezulu zinokuthuthwa zisiwe kwizixhobo zokugaywa, ukuze amandla e-ball mill asetyenziswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zokugaywa, ukuze ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yezixhobo zokugaywa kuphuculwe.
Izixhobo zeendlela ezimbini zokugaya
Ekukhetheni izixhobo zokusila, i-ball mill ayinakho ukulawula ubungakanani be-particle. Kukho iinkozo ezintle ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkozo ezirhabaxa ezingafanelekanga kwi-ore drainage, ezingafanelekanga kwizixhobo zokusila ezivulekileyo. I-Rob mill ichasene noko, ukubakho kweentonga zentsimbi phakathi kwebhloko etyebileyo kuya kuqala kuphulwe, intshukumo ephezulu yeentonga zentsimbi efana ne-grille, izinto ezincinci zinokudlula kumsantsa phakathi kweentonga zentsimbi. Ke ngoko, i-rod mill inakho ukulawula ubungakanani bee-particle kwaye ingasetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokusila esivulekileyo.
Nangona i-ball mill ingenawo amandla okulawula ubungakanani be-particle ngokwayo, inokulawula ubungakanani be-particle ngoncedo lwezixhobo zokwahlulahlula. I-mill iya kukhupha i-ore kwizixhobo zokwahlulahlula. Izinto ezintle ezifanelekileyo zingena kwinqanaba elilandelayo ngomjikelo wokwahlulahlula. Ke ngoko, ukugaya ngesekethe evaliweyo, izinto ezirhabaxa ezingafanelekiyo zinokudlula kwi-mill izihlandlo ezininzi, kufuneka zigaywe zibe yi-particle efanelekileyo, zinokukhutshwa zizixhobo zokwahlulahlula. Akukho mda kwizixhobo zokugaya ezinokukhethwa kwinqanaba lokugaya elivaliweyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezimbini zokugaya
Ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeminerali, iimpawu, kunye neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokuhamba komsebenzi wokucubungula, iimfuno zokucoca zahlukile. Imeko yezinto ezixutyiweyo ezahlukeneyo ezifikelela kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokuqhekeka nazo azifani.
Kwi-closed-circuit grinding, izixhobo ezibuyiselwe kwizixhobo zokugaya ziphantse zifaneleke. Ukuphinda kugaywe kancinci kunokuba yimveliso efanelekileyo, kwaye ukwanda kwezinto kwi-mill, izinto zihamba nge-mill ngokukhawuleza, ixesha lokugaywa lifutshane. Ke ngoko, ukugaya nge-closed-circuit kuneempawu zemveliso ephezulu, iqondo lokukhanya lokutyumza kakhulu, ukusasazwa kakuhle kunye nokulingana kobukhulu bamasuntswana. Ngokubanzi, isityalo se-flotation kunye nesityalo sokwahlulwa kwemagnethi ngokubanzi zisebenzisa inkqubo yokugaya nge-closed-circuit.
Ukugaya okuvulekileyo kufanelekile xa kugaywa okokuqala. Izinto ezikhutshwa kwicandelo elinye lomatshini wokugaywa zingena kwezinye izixhobo zokugaywa emva koko zicolwe kakuhle (zicoliwe). Ngale ndlela, icandelo lokuqala lomatshini wokugaywa linomlinganiselo omncinci wokugaywa kunye namandla aphezulu emveliso, kwaye inkqubo ilula kakhulu.
Ukushwankathela, kunokubonwa ukuba ukhetho lwendlela yokugaya luyinkimbinkimbi, nto leyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwiinkalo ezininzi ezifana neepropati zezinto eziphathekayo, iindleko zotyalo-mali, kunye neenkqubo zobuchwepheshe. Kucetyiswa ukuba abanini bemigodi babonisane nabavelisi bezixhobo zokucubungula abaneemfaneleko zoyilo lwemigodi ukuze baphephe ilahleko kwezoqoqosho.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-06-2020