Njengenye yeentsimbi zokuqala nezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela, i-iron ore yinto ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni kwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi. Okwangoku, izixhobo ze-iron ore ziyaphela, zibonakaliswa yinxalenye ephezulu ye-iron ore ethambileyo xa ithelekiswa ne-iron etyebileyo, i-iron ore enxulumene nayo, kunye nezinto ezintsonkothileyo ze-ore. I-iron idla ngokukhutshwa kwi-iron ore yayo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hematite okanye i-magnetite, ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-iron ore beneficiation. Amanyathelo athile abandakanyekayo ekukhutshweni kwentsimbi kwimizi-mveliso anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-iron kunye neemveliso ezifunwayo, kodwa inkqubo ngokubanzi idla ngokubandakanya la manqanaba alandelayo:
Ukwemba
Iintsalela zentsimbi ziqala zichongwe ngemisebenzi yokuhlola. Nje ukuba kufunyenwe intsalela efanelekileyo, intsalela ikhutshwa emhlabeni kusetyenziswa iindlela zokumba ezifana nokwemba umngxuma ovulekileyo okanye phantsi komhlaba. Eli nqanaba lokuqala libalulekile njengoko libeka isiseko seenkqubo zokukhupha ezilandelayo.
Ukutyumza nokuGcoba
Emva koko i-ore ekhutshiweyo iyacolwa ibe ziingceba ezincinci ukuze kube lula ukuyicubungula ngakumbi. Ukucola kudla ngokwenziwa kusetyenziswa ii-jaw crushers okanye ii-cone crushers, kwaye ukucola kwenziwa kusetyenziswa ii-autogenous grinding mills okanye ii-ball mills. Le nkqubo yehlisa i-ore ibe ngumgubo ocolekileyo, okwenza kube lula ukuyiphatha nokuyicubungula kwizigaba ezilandelayo.
Ulwahlulo lweMagnetic
I-iron ore idla ngokuba nokungcola okanye ezinye iiminerali ekufuneka zisuswe ngaphambi kokuba zisetyenziswe ekuveliseni i-iron kunye nentsimbi. Ukwahlulwa kwe-magnetic yindlela eqhelekileyo esetyenziswayo ukwahlula iiminerali ze-magnetic kwezingengo-magnetic. Iimagnethi ezinamandla, ezifana ne-Huate magnet separator, zisetyenziselwa ukutsala nokwahlula ii-iron ore particles kwi-gangue (izinto ezingafunekiyo). Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekuphuculeni ubunyulu be-iron ore.
Inzuzo
Inyathelo elilandelayo kukuphucula i-ore, apho injongo ikukunyusa umxholo wesinyithi ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo. Le nkqubo inokubandakanya ukuhlamba, ukuvavanya, kunye neendlela zokwahlulahlula amandla omhlaba ukuze kususwe ukungcola kunye nokuphucula umgangatho we-ore. Ukuphucula kungabandakanya ukudada, apho iikhemikhali zongezwa kwi-ore ukuze kwenziwe amasuntswana esinyithi antante kwaye ahlukane nezinye izinto.
Ukucola okanye ukuSila
Nje ukuba i-ore ihluzwe, kusenokufuneka ukuba kuhlanganiswe amasuntswana amancinci abe makhulu ukuze kusetyenzwe kakuhle. Ukutsala i-pelletizing kubandakanya ukwenza ii-pellets ezincinci ezingqukuva ngokuthoba i-ore ngezithako ezifana ne-limestone, i-bentonite, okanye i-dolomite. Kwelinye icala, ukutsala i-ore kuquka ukufudumeza ii-ore fines kunye ne-fluxes kunye ne-coke breeze ukuze kwenziwe i-semi-fused mass eyaziwa ngokuba yi-sinter. Ezi nkqubo zilungiselela i-ore inyathelo lokugqibela lokukhupha ngokuphucula iimpawu zayo zomzimba kunye neempawu zokuphatha.
Ukunyibilikisa
Inyathelo lokugqibela kwinkqubo yokukhupha kukunyibilikisa, apho i-iron ore ifudunyezwa kwi-blast furnace kunye ne-coke (i-carbonaceous fuel) kunye ne-limestone (esebenza njenge-flux). Ubushushu obukhulu buqhekeza i-iron ibe yintsimbi enyibilikisiweyo, eqokelelana ezantsi kwesithando, kunye ne-slag, edada phezulu ize isuswe. I-iron enyibilikisiweyo emva koko iphoswa kwiimo ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nee-ingots okanye ii-billets, kwaye iqhubeke isetyenzwa ukuze kufunyanwe iimveliso zentsimbi kunye nentsimbi ezifunekayo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iidiphozithi ezahlukeneyo ze-iron ore kunye nezakhiwo zokucubungula zinokuba notshintsho kwiinkqubo ezithile ezisetyenziswayo, kodwa imigaqo iyonke ihlala ifana. Ukukhupha i-iron kwi-ore yinkqubo enzima neyamanyathelo amaninzi efuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo lwezixhobo kunye netekhnoloji. Ukufakwa kwezixhobo eziphambili ezifana ne-Huate magnet separator kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nomgangatho wenkqubo yokwahlula, kuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso yokugqibela iyahlangabezana nemigangatho efunekayo yokuvelisa i-iron kunye nentsimbi.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-08-2024